| Review of the genus Typhlamphiascus Lang, 1944 |

KEY TO SPECIES

Information about species belonging to Typhlamphiascus Lang, 1944 (after Chullasorn, 2009)

Species Synonyms Locality Amendments

1. Typhlamphiascus blanchardi (Sars 1906) Northern Atlantic
2. Typhlamphiascus brevicornis (Thompson and A. Scott 1903) Sri Lanka
3. Typhlamphiascus bouligandi Soyer 1972 Mediterranean Sea
4. Typhlamphiascus confusus (T. Scott 1902) North Europe, Israel, Red and Black Seas Klie 1942, Bodin 1964
5. Typhlamphiascus dentipes (Thompson and A. Scott 1903) Sri Lanka
6. Typhlamphiascus drachi Soyer, 1964 France
7. Typhlamphiascus gracilicaudatus (Thompson and A. Scott 1903) Sri Lanka, Red Sea Por 1967
8. Typhlamphiascus gracilis Por, 1963 Sri Lanka, Red Sea Bodin 1968b
9. Typhlamphiascus lamellifer (Sars 1911) Sri Lanka, Red Sea Bodin 1968b
10. Typhlamphiascus lamellifer capensis Kunz, 1975 Southern Africa
11. Typhlamphiascus latifurca Por, 1968 Dahlak Archipelago, Red Sea
12. Typhlamphiascus longifurcatus Rouch, 1962 USA
13. Typhlamphiascus pectinifer Lang, 1965 USA Pallares 1975b
14. Typhlamphiascus lutincola Soyer, 1963 France Soyer 1964b
15. Typhlamphiascus ovale Wells and Rao, 1987 India
16. Typhlamphiascus typhlops (Sars 1906) Europe Chislenko 1967
17. Typhlamphiascus typhloides (Sars 1911) USA
18. Typhlamphiascus unisetosus Lang, 1965 USA

"Schizopera Sars, 1905 is the most species-rich genus within the family Miraciidae Dana, 1846, with a world-wide distribution, (Karanovic and McRae 2013). Members of the genus are predominantly marine and benthic, but they also inhabit brackish water and a wide spectrum of freshwater habitats" (from: Sonmez et l,. 2014)

Nearly 100 valid species and subspecies worldwide belong to the taxon Schizopera, which shows at least two apomorphic features: the existence of only two spines on the outer margin of the distal segment of exopodites P2-P4 and the presence of a hyaline spine on the distal segment of exopodite P3 (male)". "They are distributed in a variety of marine, brackish and freshwater habitats around the world, which makes them an ideal group for testing hypotheses of multiple invasions of freshwater (Karanovic and Cooper 2012), which was suggested for copepods generally (Boxshall and Jaume 2000; Karanovic 2008)" (from Karanovic et al., 2015)

Apostolov (1982) divided the genus Schizopera into three genera: Schizopera (with two subgenera: Schizopera s.str.and Neoschizopera); Eoschizopera Apostolov, 1982 (with two subgenera: Eoschizopera s.str. and Praeoschizopera); and Schizoperopsis Apostolov, 1982 (with two subgenera: Schizoperopsis s. str. and Psammoschizoperopsis). Mielke (1992) and succesively Wells (2007) rejected these groupings, even if favoured them as a "tool to facilitate identification of the species". The same opinion is shared by Bodin (1997). In the following list the subdivision by Apostolov will be adopted.

*Preoccupied by Schizopera (Schizopera) spinulosa Sars, 1909

Key to Australian species of the genus Schizopera

Incertae sedis: E. (P.) marlieri (Rouch & Chappuis, 1960); S. issykkulica Mauyilova, 1966

The harpacticoid copepod genus Haloschizopera Lang, 1944 belongs to the family Miraciidae Dana,1846, which is a large group of benthic harpacticoids (Boxshall & Halsey 2004) and often dominates the benthic copepod fauna both in diversity and abundance (Garlitska & Azovsky 2016; Chertoprud et al. 2018). The genus Haloschizopera was erected by Lang (1944) based on characters of P1 endopodal structure, setal formulae of P2-P4, and number of setae on P5. The genus comprised five species: H. pygmaea Norman & Scott, 1905, H. exigua Sars, 1906, H. bulbifer Sars, 1911, H. junodi Monard, 1935a, and H. mathoi Monard, 1935b. Subsequently, another 16 species were described worldwide. Currently, the genus Haloschizopera contains 21 valid species (Wells 2007) with a wide distribution in the European coasts (H. pygmaea Norman & Sccot, 1905), the northern Atlantic (H. bathyalis Schriever,1984), and the eastern Pacific (H. apprisea Gee & Fleeger, 1990). Species of Haloschizopera also inhabit in a wide depth range, from the sublittoral zone (H. mathoi Monard, 1935b) to abyssal environments (H. abyssi Becher, 1974). Gee & Fleeger (1990), considering the number of inner setae on the exopod 3 of legs 3-4, grouped the species of the genus known at that time into four categories:

1 - Exopod 3 of leg 3-4 with 1 and 2 inner setae respectivey (H. pygmaea, H. mathoi, H. marmarae, H. ruthorum, H. bulbifer)
2 - Exopod 3 of leg 3-4 with no setae and 2 inner setae respectivey (H. abyssi, H. lima)
3 - Exopod 3 of leg 3-4 with 1 seta (H. noodti , H. aegyptica)
4 - Exopod 3 of leg 3-4 with no setae and 1 inner seta respectivey (H. exigua, H. pauciseta, H. phyllura, H. conspicua, H. minima, H. bathyalis, H. apprisea)

* syn. of Haloschizopera junodi Monard, 1935 (Moore & Reilly, 1989)
** syn. of Haloschizopera pontarchis Por, 1959 (Moore & Reilly, 1989)

Review of the genus Haloschizopera

SPINODIOSACCUS Gomez et al., 2021

"The name Dineticola gen. nov. appears in Table 4 (pages 10 and 11) and on Fig. 19 (page 40) in Gómez et al. (2021). Dineticola gen. nov. was a slip of the pen and, therefore, it is a nomen nudum; it is unavailable because it was not accompanied by a description or a bibliographic reference, failing to conform to art. 13 (ICZN 1999). The genus name Dineticola gen. nov. should be changed to Dinetocaris gen. nov. (from: Gomez et al., 2021)

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