In the genus Psammophilocyclops, four species
are at preent recognized: P. boccaroi Fryer, 1956 from
Africa, P. trispinosus Shen et Tai, 1964. P. paucisetosus Lee & Chang, 2011 and P. bispinosus
Shen et Tai, 1964 from China. They are all
hypogean, considering that all the members were
reported from the interstitial waters of lakeside
or riverside sand beaches, and that they usually
co-occurred with species of the genus Parastenocaris, one of
the most representative interstitial copepods (see Lee and
Chang, 2009: 169).
"Diacyclops virginianus Reid, 1993, from
Goose Creek, Virginia, was tentatively placed
in the genus Diacyclops by its author. The fifth
leg of D. virginianus, with the proximal segment reduced to a small knob fused to the
somite, and two setiform terminal appendages
on the distal segment, does not conform to the
usual condition in Diacyclops. Pesce (1994)
observed correctly that assignment of D. virginianus to the genus Diacyclops confused the
status and definition of the genus, although he
then designated this species as the type of his
"Diacyclops virginianus-group." Following the
discovery and analysis of four additional species similar to D. virginianus, from hyporheic
zones of streams and a drip pool in a cave in
the southeastern and central U.S.A., Reid et al, 1999 propose to separate these in the new genus Rheocyclops"
As regard this inadequately characterized, monospecific genus, long since Dussart & Defaye (1985) pointed out its incomplete description and illustrations; later on Reid (1993) too remarked the absence of adequate figures in Plesa's description, hypothesizing as well that both segments of leg 5 could be distinct in this genus. Nevertheless, recent re-examination of the type material (Plesa, in litt.) revealed that the nominate leg is composed of a single free segment and confirmed the taxonomic validity of Teratocyclops. More recently, Iepure & Defaye (2003) redefined the genus, giving the following distinctive characteristics:
11-segmented antennule, presence of vestigial
exopodite on the antenna, structure of the distal
segment of the endopodite of leg P4 with 1 spine and 3 setae, and the proximal segment of leg 5 fused
to the somite. The relationship to the closely related genera Metacyclops Kiefer, 1927, Apocyclops
Lindberg, 1942, and Goniocyclops Kiefer, 1955 are also discussed by the same authors.
"Some other genera of the family Cyclopidae share with Teratocyclops the
following morphological characters of the P5 and the antennule: on P5, the
proximal segment having the proximal segment completely fused with the somite
and represented by a long seta, and the distal (free) segment ending with 2
setae or spines; the female antennule 10- or 11-segmented. These genera are:
Metacyclops Kiefer, 1927 sensu Lindberg, 1961, Muscocyclops Kiefer, 1937,
Apocyclops Lindberg, 1942, Menzeliella Lindberg, 1954, Goniocyclops Kiefer,
1955, Cochlacocyclops Kiefer, 1955, Hesperocyclops Herbst, 1984, Fimbricyclops
Reid, 1993, and Rheocyclops Reid & Strayer, 1999 (in Reid et al., 1999).
Among these genera, seven have the same biarticulate structure of the swimming
legs: Fimbricyclops, Muscocyclops, Apocyclops, Menzeliella, Metacyclops,
Goniocyclops and Cochlacocyclops. Hesperocyclops has the endopodite of P4 unisegmented
(Herbst, 1984; Rocha & Bjornberg, 1987) and Rheocyclops has P1 to P4 basically tri-segmented, with some species with bi-segmented rami (Reid et al.,
1999)" (from: Iepure & Defaye, 2003)
"Psammocyclops is distinct among the three genera characterized by the leg 5 with the
vestiges directly inserted on the pedigerous somite. The ventral position of the vestiges representing the ancestral distal segment in Psammocyclops and their location at
a remote distance from the lateral ancestral basal segment vestige is in sharp contrast
with the noticeable lateral position of the three remnant elements in Stolonicyclops
and Virbiocyclops. The position and differentiation of the leg 5 in Olmeccyclops is
comparable" (from: Fiers, 2011)
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